Impact of environmental taxes on remanufacturing decisions of a duopoly

Remanufacturing can exert positive economic and environmental effects, but factors such as competition governmental regulations influence its development. In this paper, we investigated the impact of taxes on manufacturers’ production decisions in three cases a duopoly, which remanufacturing was not conducted or by one two manufacturers. Based game theory, firm’s decision discussed when only manufacturer capable both were remanufacturing. Analysis results showed that benefits from cost most critical trade-off components. We further analyzed how affected environment. The measured total emissions, relevant advice provided to regulator. Finally, assessments numerical examples performed using assumed values parameters verify our without loss generality.